Glass system of a solar photovoltaic panel

ABSTRACT

A glass system of a solar photovoltaic panel contains: an energy guiding assembly in which two energy collecting layers, two energy converting layers, and an energy storage system are fixed, the energy guiding assembly conducting a light energy in a single direction by ways of nano particles, the two energy collecting layers being provided to collect photon beams of the energy guiding assembly, each energy converting layer transmitting an electrical energy in each energy collecting layer toward the energy storage system. The energy guiding assembly also includes two glass layers on a top surface and a bottom surface of the energy guiding assembly respectively to retain a collecting panel, a reflecting panel, and a plurality of high vision light emit bonding films. The two energy collecting layers and the two energy converting layers cover two outer sides of the energy guiding assembly respectively.

. This application is a Continuation-in-Part of application Ser. No.12/456,529, filed Jun. 17, 2009.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a solar photovoltaic panel, and moreparticularly to a glass system of a solar photovoltaic panel.

2. Description of the Prior Art

Typical glass units, safety glasses, or glass laminates comprise two ormore glass laminates or layers and one or more adhesive or bondinglayers disposed or engaged between the glass layers for solidly securingor bonding the glass layers together and for increasing the strength ofthe typical glass units, safety glasses, or glass laminates.

For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,622,580 to Mannheim discloses one of thetypical shatterproof glass laminates comprising at least one heattempered or heat strengthened glass layer, at least one internalcombination elastic shock absorbing adhesive plastic layer of polyvinylbutyral material, and at least one antilacerative plastic layer ofpolyester or polycarbonsate material, and/or a polyester material havinga scratch-resistant or self healing coating engaged therein.

However, the typical shatterproof glass laminates may only be used tokeep out the wind and rain, and to shelter or obstruct from the sunshine, but may not be used to collect the solar or light energy.

The present invention has arisen to mitigate and/or obviate theafore-described disadvantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a glasssystem of a solar photovoltaic panel which is used to collect the solaror light energy and to converting the solar or light energy into theelectrical energy and to store the electrical energy and to provide theelectrical energy to energize various electric facilities of families,schools, plants, or the like.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a glass system ofa solar photovoltaic panel which allows the light energy to be suitablyor effectively collected by the energy collecting layer.

A glass system of a solar photovoltaic panel according to the presentinvention contains:

-   -   an energy guiding assembly in which two energy collecting        layers, two energy converting layers, and an energy storage        system are fixed, the energy guiding assembly conducting a light        energy in a single direction by ways of nano particles, the two        energy collecting layers being provided to collect photon beams        of the energy guiding assembly, each energy converting layer        transmitting an electrical energy in each energy collecting        layer toward the energy storage system;    -   wherein the energy guiding assembly is also comprised of two        glass layers on a top surface and a bottom surface of the energy        guiding assembly respectively to retain a collecting panel, a        reflecting panel, and a plurality of high vision light emit        bonding films;    -   wherein the two energy collecting layers and the two energy        converting layers cover two outer sides of the energy guiding        assembly respectively.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the exploded components of a glasssystem of a solar photovoltaic panel according to a preferred embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the assembly of the glass system ofthe solar photovoltaic panel according to the preferred embodiment ofthe present invention;

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the operation of the glass system of thesolar photovoltaic panel according to the preferred embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 4 is also a plan view showing the operation of the glass system ofthe solar photovoltaic panel according to the preferred embodiment ofthe present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a glass system of a solar photovoltaicpanel 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present inventioncomprises an energy guiding assembly 10 in which two energy collectinglayers 15, two energy converting layers 16, and an energy storage system17 are fixed. The energy guiding assembly 10 conducts a light energy ina single direction by ways of nano particles, the two energy collectinglayers 15 are provided to collect photon beams of the energy guidingassembly 10, each energy converting layer 16 transmits an electricalenergy in each energy collecting layer 15 toward the energy storagesystem 17. The energy guiding assembly 10 is also comprised of two glasslayers 11 on a top surface and a bottom surface of the energy guidingassembly 10 respectively to retain a collecting panel 13, a reflectingpanel 14, and a plurality of high vision light emit bonding films 12.The two energy collecting layers 15 and the two energy converting layers16 cover two outer sides of the energy guiding assembly 10 respectively.

The collecting panel 13 is made of cross-linked polymer material, suchas polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC), polymethylmethacrylate (MMA), or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).Furthermore, compound pellets of the polymer material are placed for awhile before use and then are treated in a surface functional group viaoptical nanoparticles, such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO),chromium-molybdenum powder metal (Mo—Cr), molybdenum powder metal (Mo),zinc indium oxide (i-ZnO), oxidized zinc-aluminum alloy (ZnO/Al2O3), orcopper gallium (CuGa). Thereafter, the optical nanoparticles are mixedwith the compound pellets in a range between 0.01% and 10%, then amixture of the compound pellets and the optical nanoparticles areextruded into a thin sheet, and a thickness of the thin sheet isadjusted in a range between 2 m/m and 12 m/m based on a transparency, anatomization or an intensity.

The reflecting panel 14 reflects a residual energy back to thecollecting panel 13 when the photon beams penetrates the solarphotovoltaic panel 1, thus enhancing photoelectric conversionefficiency. Furthermore, the reflecting panel 14 is a rigid polymer filmmade of micromolecule compound pellets, and a thickness of the rigidpolymer film is in a range between 0.15 m/m and 0.30 m/m, the polymerfilm is spin-coated, curtain coated, or sprayed nano metal particleswith high reflectivity thereon, and the nano metal particles are copper(Cu), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or nickel ions (Ni), the polymer filmis made of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), Glycol PolyethyleneTerephthalate (PETG), or Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS).

Each high vision light emit bonding film 12 has a light-sensitive effectand is a bonding medium of the two glass layers 11, the collecting panel13, and the reflecting panel 14. The each high vision light emit bondingfilm 12 is a carrier and is made of polymer materials to covermultiplier divergence nanoparticles, and the multiplier divergencenanoparticles are inorganic chemistry fluorescent particles, theinorganic chemistry fluorescent particles are diverging into an opticalradiation through a processing to increase a light diverging ability forup to 15%-45% and are treated in the surface functional group by ways ofthe nano particles, thereafter the inorganic chemistry fluorescentparticles are mixed with the polymer materials to form granulatedrubber, and the granulated rubber is extruded to form flexible film.Furthermore, a content of nanoparticles material of the each high visionlight emit bonding film 12 is adjusted in a range between 0.01% and 5%,and a thickness of the each high vision light emit bonding film 12 is ina range between 0.25 m/m and 1.0 m/m.

In operation, as shown in FIG. 3, when a light source 20 emits visiblelights A, the visible lights A penetrate a glass layer 11 on the topsurface of the energy guiding assembly 10 and contacts the plurality ofhigh vision light emit bonding films 12, a part of the visible lights Aare absorbed and conducted to the two energy collecting layers 15, andwhen the visible lights A penetrating an upper high vision light emitbonding film 12 contact the collecting panel 13, the light energy isabsorbed and conducted to the two energy collecting layers 15,thereafter in middle, a high vision light emit bonding film 12 absorbsthe visible lights A. However, when the rest of visible lights A contactthe reflecting panel 14, a part of light energy reflects back to thecollecting panel 13 and is absorbed by the middle high vision light emitbonding film 12 and a lower middle high vision light emit bonding film12, the rest of visible lights A generate in the glass layer 11 on thebottom surface of the of the energy guiding assembly 10. Thereby, whenthe light sources 20 generate in the glass layer 11 on the bottomsurface of the energy guiding assembly 10, they are absorbed by theplurality of high vision light emit bonding films 12 and the collectingpanel 13, and then a part of the light source 20 is reflected by thereflecting panel 14 and absorbed so as to increase a photoelectricabsorption and conversion efficiency.

In addition, the light sources received by the two energy collectinglayers 15 are transformed into the electrical energy, and the electricalenergy is stored in the energy storage system 17. A waste heatgenerating from the photoelectric conversion is scattered by ways of aconductive coating surface of the energy conversion layer 1, thusprevent parts of the solar photovoltaic panel from damage because of thewaste heat.

As shown in FIG. 4, in another operation, the solar photovoltaic panel 1is fixed on a wall 21, and when a sunlight source 30 or the light source20 emits a natural light A, the natural light A is absorbed by the solarphotovoltaic panel 1 and is converted into the electrical energy so asto supply power or is stored in the energy storage system 17. Also, theenergy storage system 17 is selected from various power cells orbatteries, such as lead acid batteries, Ni—Mh rechargeable battery,Ni—Cd rechargeable battery, LiFePO4 battery, Li/MnO2 battery, or thelike. Thereby, the glass system of a solar photovoltaic panel of thepresent invention absorbs the visible lights in air to recyclephotoelectricity.

Thereby, the high vision light emit bonding films of the glass system ofthe present invention is manufactured as follows:

1. The high vision light emit bonding films 12 are made by changing theinorganic material, such as CaCO₃ or TiO₂ or BoSo₄ or SiO₂, a latticerefractive index of the inorganic material must over 1.495, and theinorganic material is ground, crashed, smashed, and rearranged, whereinthe SiO and the TiO, are ground and crashed 4-8 hours to increase theirtemperature up to 65° C. to 90° C. and are scattered into grains, adiameter of which is less than D99<1 μm, and the grains with a diameterless than 300 nm are eliminated so that the required grains have 300-950nm of diameter.

2. In the grinding and scattering process, a temperature change has tobe measured, wherein when the temperature reaches 97-107° C., ahigh-temperature type polymer dispersant is added, and a molecularweight of the grains is around 14000-21000 m/w, then the grains areground and scattered continuously, and a bulk flow of the grains isfinished, (around 0.5-2 kg/min and the grains are processed for 25-55minutes), thereafter a temperature of the grains are lowered to 65-90°C., the grains are ground and scattered further. As the diameter of thegrains in batch check is D99<1 μm, the grains are fed into a coolingtank in which a temperature is kept between 1° C. and 7° C., and thenthe grains are mixed to shrink instantly so as to make the plate likeparticles surface too curved to ball as like. In the meantime, thegrains and the dispersant are combined together to form a structuraldisperse solution, and the Van der Waals force of the grains is releasedtemporarily. Thereafter, a water of the disperse solution is eliminatedin a freeze-drying manner to reach 0.5-2.5% of moisture content andmatches with a suitable vehicle, thus obtaining dry and fluffy whitepowders.

3. If the moisture content of the powders is less than 1%, the powdersmatch with nonpolar material, such as EVA, Epoxy, or Silicone, and ifthe moisture content of the powders is more than 1%, the powders matchwith PVB, PVA, PVC, PC, PS, or ABS. A dry film is used in the glasssystem and is extruded by an extruder, wherein in above-mentionmanufacturing process, the master batch is prepared in advance, and thenmixing, kneading, melting, extruding, cooling, granulating, andeliminating water are processed so that the structured dispersants ofthe powder particles are mixed, thereafter the high concentrate masterbatch is fed into the extruder to extrude the high vision light emitbonding film, during which a reflectance value is between 1.495 and1.690.

4. The vision light energy collecting layer of the present invention iscomprised of hollow nanoparticles, wherein C₆₀-Hollow Nano-carbons isapplied to collect and convert energy and is produced by using an arcdischarge method to capture particles, and then the C₆₀-HollowNano-carbons is deposited on the cathode to lower its temperature and isground, the covalent bond generates covalently attached function group.The glass system is carboxylated, and a manufacture process of theC₆₀-hollow nano-carbons includes steps of: high purity graphitevaporizating→depositing→cooling→(crushing, grinding, dispersing)→adiameter of the C₆₀-hollow nano-carbons is D100<100 nm, wherein theC₆₀-hollow nano-carbons is long or short and has different sizes and isclosed, wherein the light energy is absorbed in the hollow nano-carbonsby means of the Black-Body Theory to generate heat by which infraredelectromagnetic waves are produced so that electromagnetic energydiverges the hollow nano-carbons quickly, hence the light energy isdiverged toward the energy collecting layer at a light speed, whereinthe energy collecting layer is solar cells selected from Mono, orMulti-Poly silicone, GaS, Amorphous Silicon Thin Film, CIGS, CuAs.

5. The hollow nano-carbons has different sizes and is circular,spherical, flat, or oval, and it forming and closed rate is above 95%.To spread the hollow nano-carbons evenly, at corners of the hollownano-carbons are chemical hydroxyl bonding processed so that a hydrogenbond of the engineering polymer forms a chain bonding to use as acovalently attached function group.

6. The hollow nano-carbons is hydroxylated and mixed with thePolycarbonsate as shown in above Figure, then a mixture of the hollownano-carbons and the Polycarbonsate is linked bymixing→kneading→extruding→melting→cooling→granulating→drying→packingmaster batch, thereafter the master batch is mixed with the vehicle at acertain proportion, a mixture of the master batch and the vehicle is fedinto the extruder to produce a flat sheet in the energy collectinglayer, a luminous flux of the flat sheet is controlled by controlling aconcentration of the master batch, wherein the luminous flux of thepenetration rate is over 70%, thereby generating transparent products.

7. The light energy is re-captured and is recycled by a reflectinglayer, the reflecting layer is made of inorganic mineral or isnano-ceramic, such as Nano Size Calcium Carbonsate, Nano Size BariumSulfate, Nano particles Silver, or Nano Size Tungsten, wherein theinorganic mineral is ground, crushed, dispersed, functional grouped,separated, dried, and packed. In addition, the metal ceramic is ionizedby plasma and is collected for powdering, thus generating the masterbatch.

8. A mineral inorganic material is dispersed to the nano particles witha 15-200 nm by using a mechanical method and forms the dispersion byways of chemistry chain. Although adding an anionic dispersing agent tosynthesize with cation materials to form a stable dispersion, themineral inorganic material is dried so that a diameter of the powers iskept in a range between 500 and 2000 nm without agglomeration, asecondary particle size of the materials is a lamellae, the lightcollecting panel is extruded so that the photon beams from the lightsource adjust automatically at a 90 degree and are conducted onto thetwo energy collecting layers 15, and infrared rays divergence by ways ofthe light collecting panel so that the lights penetrate the sunlightbatteries on a back side of the energy guiding assembly 10, hence thelight energy is converted into the electrical energy, and then theelectrical energy is transmitted toward the energy store system.

9. The diameter of the grains is in a range between 200 μm and 2000 μm,and the high polymer materials are transparent, and the engineeringplastics are glued by using the high vision light emit bonding films toform anti-collision materials. Moreover, a minimum anti-collision energyof the glass unit of the present invention is over 240 J/cm² to be usedin green building materials and military purposes.

While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been set forth forthe purpose of disclosure, modifications of the disclosed embodiments ofthe invention as well as other embodiments thereof may occur to thoseskilled in the art. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended tocover all embodiments which do not depart from the spirit and scope ofthe invention.

1. A glass system of a solar photovoltaic panel comprising: an energyguiding assembly in which two energy collecting layers, two energyconverting layers, and an energy storage system are fixed, the energyguiding assembly conducting a light energy in a single direction by waysof nano particles, the two energy collecting layers being provided tocollect photon beams of the energy guiding assembly, each energyconverting layer transmitting an electrical energy in each energycollecting layer toward the energy storage system; wherein the energyguiding assembly is also comprised of two glass layers on a top surfaceand a bottom surface of the energy guiding assembly respectively toretain a collecting panel, a reflecting panel, and a plurality of highvision light emit bonding films; wherein the two energy collectinglayers and the two energy converting layers cover two outer sides of theenergy guiding assembly respectively.
 2. The glass system of the solarphotovoltaic panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the collecting panelis made of cross-linked polymer material, compound pellets of thepolymer material are placed for a while before use and then are treatedin a surface functional group via optical nanoparticles, thereafter theoptical nanoparticles are mixed with the compound pellets, then amixture of the compound pellets and the optical nanoparticles areextruded into a thin sheet.
 3. The glass system of the solarphotovoltaic panel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the cross-linkedpolymer material is selected from polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP),polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (MMA), and acrylonitrilebutadiene styrene (ABS).
 4. The glass system of the solar photovoltaicpanel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the optical nanoparticles areselected from Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), chromium-molybdenum powder metal(Mo—Cr), molybdenum powder metal (Mo), zinc indium oxide (i-ZnO),oxidized zinc-aluminum alloy (ZnO/Al2O3), and copper gallium (CuGa). 5.The glass system of the solar photovoltaic panel as claimed in claim 2,wherein the optical nanoparticles are mixed with the compound pellets ina range between 0.01% and 10%.
 6. The glass system of the solarphotovoltaic panel as claimed in claim 2, wherein a thickness of thethin sheet is adjusted in a range between 2 m/m and 12 m/m based on atransparency, an atomization or intensity.
 7. The glass system of thesolar photovoltaic panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflectingpanel is a rigid polymer film made of micromolecule compound pellets,and the polymer film is spin-coated, curtain coated, or sprayed nanometal particles with high reflectivity thereon.
 8. The glass system ofthe solar photovoltaic panel as claimed in claim 7, wherein a thicknessof the rigid polymer film is in a range between 0.15 m/m and 0.30 m/m,and the rigid polymer film is made by selected from PolyethyleneTerephthalate (PET), Glycol Polyethylene Terephthalate (PETG), andAcrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS).
 9. The glass system of the solarphotovoltaic panel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the nano metalparticles are selected from copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), andnickel ions (Ni).
 10. The glass system of the solar photovoltaic panelas claimed in claim 1, wherein each high vision light emit bonding filmis a bonding medium of the two glass layers, the collecting panel, andthe reflecting panel
 4. 11. The glass system of the solar photovoltaicpanel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the each high vision light emitbonding film is a carrier and is made of polymer materials to covermultiplier divergence nanoparticles, and the multiplier divergencenanoparticles are inorganic chemistry fluorescent particles, theinorganic chemistry fluorescent particles are diverging into an opticaloctave radiation through a processing to increase a light divergingability for up to 15%-45% and are treated in the surface functionalgroup by ways of the nano particles, thereafter the inorganic chemistryfluorescent particles are mixed with the polymer materials to formgranulated rubber, and the granulated rubber is extruded to formflexible film.
 12. The glass system of the solar photovoltaic panel asclaimed in claim 11, wherein a content of nanoparticles material of theeach high vision light emit bonding film is adjusted in a range between0.01% and 5%, and a thickness of the each high vision light emit bondingfilm is in a range between 0.25 m/m and 1.0 m/m.